Is it wise to have my wisdom teeth extracted? Published June 3, 2014 By Capt. Jillian M. Rigert 59th Dental Group JOINT BASE SAN ANTONIO-LACKLAND, Texas -- This article is an informative piece addressing the common questions patients ask about dental care, specifically in the area of wisdom teeth. Please consult with your dentist or oral surgeon for more information and personalized treatment recommendations. What are Wisdom Teeth? Wisdom teeth, also known as third molars, are the last of three sets of molars to develop. Humans typically develop a total of four wisdom teeth that erupt into the mouth between the ages of 17-25, although some people may develop more or fewer wisdom teeth. Why are Wisdom Teeth extracted? Dentists may recommend wisdom teeth be removed if teeth are: -- causing pain -- impacted -- poorly positioned -- extensively decayed -- damaging an adjacent tooth -- contributing to periodontal disease -- associated with a tumor or cyst (fluid-filled sac) -- associated with recurrent gum infections -- predicted to cause problems in the future When should wisdom teeth be removed? Dentists and oral surgeons commonly recommend wisdom teeth be removed prior to the age of 25. Retaining wisdom teeth after age 25 increases the risks for the wisdom teeth to decay, damage adjacent teeth, contribute to periodontal disease, or develop a tumor or cyst. Older age is also associated with delayed healing and increased risk of complications. Should wisdom teeth be removed if the patient is not having pain or noting problems with the teeth? Symptom-free does not necessarily mean disease-free, and your doctor can help you to understand your specific condition. What may I expect with third molar surgery? Your dentist or oral surgeon will provide you with details of your specific surgical plans that account for the position of your third molars and your overall health. After surgery, patients can expect some level of pain and inflammation that peaks around three days post-extractions. Post-surgery pain may be controlled by medications prescribed by your doctor. Ice packs applied to the outside of the face and removed at 15-minute intervals for the first 24 to 48 hours may help to reduce inflammation. After 48 hours, switch to a warm towel. Patient noncompliance, systemic factors such as diabetes, smoking, and increased age may complicate healing process. For efficient healing, follow the post-operative instructions provided to you at your appointment. How do I take care of my wisdom teeth? Proper care for wisdom teeth should occur the moment the teeth begin erupting into the mouth. Wisdom teeth harbor bacteria that affect the surrounding teeth, gums, bone, and overall health. Proper removal of food debris and bacteria is essential for a healthy mouth and body, however, the position of wisdom teeth in the mouth makes the surfaces of the teeth hard to reach with toothbrush bristles and floss. Commonly missed areas while brushing are behind the wisdom teeth, especially near the gum line. In order to target hard to reach areas, refrain from opening your mouth too wide while brushing. Over-tensing your cheek muscles interfere with the toothbrush reaching back teeth. When flossing, wrap the floss around the middle finger and press the floss down with the index finger. Glide the floss in a "C" pattern along each surface between the teeth to remove the bacteria and debris from the walls of the teeth. Remember: Toothbrush bristles cannot get between the teeth. Flossing is essential in order to prevent cavities and bone loss in between teeth. Schedule regular six-month or annual cleanings and examinations with your dentist. Your dentist will help to evaluate how well you are cleaning your wisdom teeth and may provide suggestions for any necessary modifications. Do you have further questions? While the internet provides a wealth of information, your dentist or oral surgeon will be better equipped to answer questions directly related to your personal care.