Pregnancy and Oral Health Published Sept. 17, 2014 By Staff Sgt. Jessica Lau 59th Dental Squadron JOINT BASE SAN ANTONIO-LACKLAND, Texas -- Many significant changes occur to a woman's body when she becomes pregnant. Adjusting to the physical and emotional changes can be difficult. Aside from the obvious physical changes, pregnancy brings changes to overall health, and that includes oral health. According to the American Dental Hygienists' Association, research has linked poor oral health, specifically, gum disease to premature, low birth weight babies. There are a few things that every expectant mother should be prepared for. The American Dentists' Association states that it is common for pregnant women to experience an increase in tenderness, swelling, bleeding and inflammation of the gums. These symptoms are usually related to the hormonal changes experienced during pregnancy, increasing the risk gingivitis and periodontitis, which is a more severe form of a gum disease. Pregnant women may also notice changes in their eating habits such as strange cravings and increased snacking. Though these changes don't necessarily spell trouble for the pregnancy, it may lead to increased chances of the mother developing cavities. According to the ADA, these dietary changes may place the mother at an increased risk for developing cavities. Another common pregnancy symptom that can negatively affect oral health is morning sickness. Morning sickness and vomiting can create an issue because the acidity from your stomach attacks tooth surfaces, the ADA states. If morning sickness and frequent vomiting occurs, the ADA recommends rinsing the mouth with water or with a teaspoon of baking soda and water to prevent stomach acid from attacking tooth surfaces. The best way to protect your teeth and gums during pregnancy is through an optimal dental care routine and regular examinations and cleanings. Dentists recommend brushing twice daily with a soft-bristled toothbrush, flossing daily, and rinsing with an antimicrobial mouth rinse. Dental examinations and cleanings are especially important during pregnancy, said Col. Mark Wallace, 59th Dental Squadron director of dental operations. During pregnancy, dentists may decide to avoid taking dental x-rays until after the baby is born. In some instances, radiographs may be necessary if there is a dental emergency or situation that requires them. In that case, a lead apron with a thyroid shield can be provided to protect the patient and the baby. If other dental care is needed, treatment during the second trimester is generally safest and will likely be the most comfortable for the mother. This special time can be a stressful with all the changes physically and emotionally. But taking a few minutes throughout the day to take care of your oral health can help ensure a healthy start for your baby. If you have a question about your oral health and pregnancy, contact your general dentist.